The most reliable and maintainable method for responsive tables in jQuery Mobile is using the Reflow Table approach. It automatically converts the table into a stacked card layout on small screens while keeping the traditional table structure on larger screens.
Implementation:
<!-- Add 'data-role="table" and 'ui-responsive' class -->
<table data-role="table" class="ui-responsive">
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th>Product</th>
      <th>Price</th>
      <th>Stock</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>Phone</td>
      <td>$599</td>
      <td>In Stock</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Laptop</td>
      <td>$999</td>
      <td>Out of Stock</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>