How do you handle state management in front-end applications

Question

Can you tell me How do you handle state management in front-end applications?

Answer 1

State management in front-end apps ensures that UI reflects data changes consistently. It can be handled in three main ways:

1. Local State (Component-Level)

Managed with React Hooks like useState, useReducer.

Best for UI states: toggles, form inputs, modals.

const [count, setCount] = useState(0);

2. Global State (App-Level)

Used when multiple components need shared access to the same data (e.g., cart, user auth).

Options:

React Context API – Simple global state.

Redux, Zustand, Recoil, MobX – For large, scalable apps.

3. Server State

Data from APIs that must be fetched/updated.

Managed with:

React Query / TanStack Query

Axios + useEffect (manual)

SWR, Apollo Client (for GraphQL)

4. URL State

State in the URL query params, used for filters, pagination, etc.

Managed with:

React Router (useLocation, useSearchParams)