SQL Server Configuration Manager should be launched (search for it in the Start menu). Select SQL Server Services by clicking. Alongside the SQL Server service, in parenthesis, is the name of the SQL Server instance. When it says MSSQLSERVER, the default instance is being used. Simply type. (dot) OR (local) in Management Studio and click Connect to it. If the instance name differs, connect to it using.[instance name] (for instance, if the instance name is SQL2008, do so using.SQL2008).
In order to connect, make sure the SQL Server and SQL Server Browser services are both active.
I hope this helps you.