All you need to do is SSH into your Jenkins server and then run puppet by hand the first time:
ssh root@192.168.122.3
puppet agent --test --waitforcert=60
It will attempt to connect to a server which resolves as puppet.
Once the puppet job runs you may need to sign the certificate on the puppet master using the following command:
puppet cert sign jenkins.guest
You should now be able to connect to your Jenkins server on http://192.168.122.3:8080
For more info refer to https://fullstack-puppet-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/jenkins.html