When you created one volume in docker using docker volume create command, it creates a persistent volume. Now this persistent volume will take space from your local system. So it depends on your local system's storage.
You can check size of your docker system.
$ docker system df
TYPE TOTAL ACTIVE SIZE RECLAIMABLE
Images 3 3 379.8MB 237.1MB (62%)
Containers 10 0 731.9MB 731.9MB (100%)
Local Volumes 2 1 12.82kB 0B (0%)
Build Cache 0 0 0B 0B
If you want to check from where your containers take storage, you can inspect your volume.
$ docker volume inspect myvol1
{
"CreatedAt": "2020-04-07T14:56:31+05:30",
"Driver": "local",
"Labels": {},
"Mountpoint": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/myvol1/_data",
"Name": "myvol1",
"Options": {},
"Scope": "local"
}
In my case, my container takes storage from /var/lib/docker/volumes/myvol1/_data and this file is available in my local system.
Hope this will clear your doubt.