Once you exceed the throttle limit, Lambda functions that are being invoked synchronously will return throttling error (429 error code). The Lambda functions that are being invoked asynchronously can also absorb reasonable bursts of traffic for nearly 15-30 minutes, after which all the incoming events will be rejected as it will be throttled. In this case the Lambda function that are being invoked in response to Amazon S3 events will be rejected by AWS Lambda as a effect the functions may be retained and retried by S3 for 24 hours.