Challenges:
The danger of disparate system configurations.
Possible outages while updates are being made.
Techniques:
Blue-Green Deployment: Keep two environments up to date (Green: updated, Blue: current). After validation, switch traffic and update the green environment.
Configuration Versioning: To deploy configurations regularly, use a CI/CD pipeline and version them using technologies like Git.
Atomic Updates: Make sure updates are atomic, which means they either fail without partial application or succeed completely.
Feature Flags: Use feature flags to dynamically control the scope of updates as you gradually roll out improvements.
Centralized Configuration Management: Distribute and manage configuration across systems using tools such as Consul or others.