How can I use Python for web scraping to gather information during reconnaissance

I'm working on a cybersecurity project that involves gathering publicly available information as part of the reconnaissance phase. I’ve heard that Python can be great for web scraping, but I’m not sure where to start.

What Python libraries are commonly used for web scraping, and how can I use them to collect specific data, such as emails, phone numbers, or company details from a target website? I’m also wondering how to ensure that my scraping activities stay within legal and ethical boundaries. Any tips on best practices and examples would be really helpful!