Question

What is the difference between a deep copy and a shallow copy

Answer 1

Deep copies duplicate everything. for example, the deep copy of a collection means that it will duplicate/ copy all the original elements.
Shallow copies are like they try to minimize the duplicity as much as possible. For example, a shallow copy of a collection means that it's a copy of just the structure of the collection and not the whole collection and its elements.
I hope this makes sense.