Python programming language is a versatile language when it comes to extending support to and from other technologies. Visual studio code is one such code editor that extends support to the python programming language using the python extension. In this article, we will learn about how we can use visual studio code for python. The following topics are covered in this session.
- What Is Visual Studio Code?
- Visual Studio Code Installation
- Python Extension In Visual Studio Code
- Writing First Python Program In Visual Studio Code
- Editing An Existing Project
- Linting
- Debugging Support
- Jupyter Notebook Support
- Interactive Python
- Environments
What Is Visual Studio Code?
The visual studio code is a lightweight yet powerful source code editor that runs on your desktop. It is available for Windows, macOS, and Linux.
It also comes with built-in support for node.js, javascript, and typescript with a wide range of external support for other languages like python, c, c++, etc.
Extensions
Here are some of the most popular extensions for visual studio code.
Now that we have a vague idea about visual studio code, let’s take a look at how we can download and install visual studio code in our systems.
Visual Studio Code Installation
You can find the relevant versions compatible with your system here.
After you are finished with the installation, you can simply begin your journey for python in visual studio code.
Python Extension In Visual Studio Code
To work with python in visual studio you need to install python extension from the marketplace. It is quite easy to find the python extension in the marketplace.
The python extension that you need to install is named python and is published by Microsoft. Let us taka a look at a few features of python extension.
Intellisense
Linting
Code Formatting
Debugging
Testing
Jupyter Notebooks
Environments
Refactoring
After you’re done with the installation, you can start with your first python program.
Writing First Program In Visual Studio Code
To start with your first python program, go to the command prompt and type the following commands.
It will open the vs code with a hello directory, and then you can add a new file with a .py extension to write your first python program.
When you have made a new file, open the file and make a simple hello world program.
This is how we can make a simple hello world program in visual studio code using the python extension. Python extension provides many features for editing python source code in vs code.
Autocomplete and IntelliSense:
They are provided for all python packages stored at standard locations, you can right click on different identifiers to take advantage of the several commands.
Go to Definition
Peek Definition
Go to Declaration
Peek Declaration
Run Selection/line in Terminal:
It is used to take the selected line to the python terminal.
Formatting:
It makes the code readable and easier by implementing certain rules for indents, spacing around operators, line spacing, etc.Refactoring:
The python extensions add the following refactoring commands
Extract Variable – It extracts all similar occurrences of the selected text within the current scope.
Extract Method – It extracts all similar occurrences of the selected expressions or block within the current scope
Sort Imports – Sort imports use the isort package to consolidate specific imports from the same module into a single import statement and to import statements in alphabetical order.
Now let us take a look at how we can edit an existing project using the vs code.
Editing An Existing Project
You can edit an existing project in visual studio code by simply navigating to the project in the command line, and then entering the following command.
After you enter this command, the vs code will open with the existing project on the location and you can run the project or edit the code in the visual studio code.
Now that we know how we can edit the existing projects in visual studio code, let us understand linting.
Linting
It basically highlights the syntactic and styling problems in the python source code. To enable linters we can use the following approach, although the python extension comes enabled with a pylint linter as a default. Press “ctrl+shift+p” and select the python: select linter in the pallet.
Even though linting runs automatically when you save your file. You can run linting by selecting the following in the command palette.
Following are a few specific linters:
Pylint –
Flake8
mypy
pydocstyle
prospector
Pep8
pylama
bandit
Debugging Support
Let us try to understand how debugging works in our simple hello world program.
Just click on the editor’s left gutter and set a breakpoint on the line, and press f5.
Select the configuration and it will open the debug toolbar shown below.
Press the f5 key again to run the program to completion and you will see the output in the terminal. This is how we can debug a program in visual studio code, you can see a lot of options and a debug toolbar so that you can hover over the code as well.
Now that we are done with debugging, let us understand the jupyter notebook support in visual studio code.
Jupyter Notebook Support
To open the jupyter notebook in vs code, open the command pallet and select the following
After you open the notebook, you can simply run your code and save it.
Now that we know how we can use jupyter notebook in visual studio code, let us understand how we can use the interactive python in vs code.
Interactive Python
You can simply add “#%%” in your code, and save it in a .py extension file. When you click the run cell button, it will open the python interactive panel and you can run your code directly using the python interactive window directly. Just type your code and press “ctrl+enter”.
Environments
Python extension usually looks for the environment and selects the first interpreter in the system path. To select a specific environment you can search for the environments using the command pallet.
After you select this, it will show you the available interpreters you can choose from.
This brings us to the end of this article where we have learned how we can use the visual studio code using the python extension. I hope you are clear with all that has been shared with you in this tutorial.
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