Python Requests: All You Need To Know

• What Is Python Requests?
• Why Use Python Requests?
• How To Install Python Requests?
• Making Get & Post Requests
• Passing Parameters In URL
• Status code
• Response Content
• Multi-part File Upload
• Cookies And Headers
• Session Object
• Errors And Exceptions

What Is Python Requests?

1. Keep alive and connection pooling
2. International domains and urls
3. Sessions with cookie persistence
4. Browser-style SSL verification
5. Automatic content decoding
6. Basic/digest authentication
7. Elegant key/value cookies
8. Automatic decompression
9. Unicode response bodies
10. HTTPs proxy support
11. Multipart file uploads
12. Streaming Downloads
13. Connection timeouts
14. Chunked requests

Why Use Python Requests?

How To Install Python Requests?

$ pip install requests

How To Make Get & Post Requests?

import requests

res = requests.get('url')

#res is the response object here.

import requests

payload = {'key1': 'value1'}

res = requests.post('url' , data= payload)

Passing Parameters In A Url

import requests

payload = {'key1': 'value1' , 'key2': 'value2'}

res = requests.get('url', params= payload)

print(res.url)

#this will print the url with the parameters passed through the get request.

Status code

We can check the status code as well, following is the code to check the status code:

import requests

res = requests.get('url')

print(res.status_code())

Response Content

import requests

res = requests.get('url')

print(res.content)

Requests also has a builtin json decoder.

import requests

res = requests.get('url')

print(res.json())

#this will get the response in a json format

Multi-Part File Upload

import requests

files = {'file' : open('filename', 'rb')}

res = requests.post('url' , files= files)

print(res.text)

Cookies And Headers

import requests

res = requests.get('url')

print(res.headers)

import requests

headers = {'key1' : 'value1'}

res = requests.get('url', headers= headers)

print(res.headers)

import requests

#to pass our own cookies we can use the cookies parameter

cookies = dict(cookies= 'working')

res = requests.get('url' , cookies= cookies)

print(res.text)

Cookies are returned in a RequestCookieJar, which acts like a dictionary but also offers more complete interface, suitable for use over multiple domains or paths.

Session Object

• Persists cookies across all requests made from the session instance
• Use urllib3 connection pooling
• Significant performance increse
• A session object has all the methods of the main requests API

s = requests.session()

s.get('url')

res = s.get('url')

print(res.text)

Errors And Exceptions

• In the event of the network problem, requests will raise a ConnectionError exception.
• Response.raise_for_status() will raise an HTTP error when there is an unsuccessful status code.
• If there is a timeout, it will raise a Timeout exception
• TooManyRedirects exception is raised if the request exceeds the configured number of maximum number of redirects.