The Fibonacci Sequence is a peculiar series of numbers named after Italian mathematician, known as Fibonacci. Starting with 0 and 1, each new number in the Fibonacci Series is simply the sum of the two before it. For example, starting with 0 and 1, the first 5 numbers in the sequence would be 0, 1, 1, 2, 3 and so on. In this article, let’s learn how to write the Fibonacci Series in Java.
You can mainly write Fibonacci Series in Java in two ways:
Fibonacci Series without using recursion
When it comes to generating the Fibonacci Series without using recursion, there are two ways:
- Using ‘for’ loop
- Using ‘while’ loop
Method1: Java Program to write Fibonacci Series using for loop
The program below should help you on how to write a java program to generate first ‘n’ numbers in the Fibonacci Series using for loop. The logic used here is really simple. First, I have initialized the first two numbers of series. Then comes the for loop, which adds up its two immediate predecessors and prints the value. This continues until the program prints the first ‘n’ numbers in the series.
package Edureka;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Fibonacci {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int n, first = 0,next = 1;
System.out.println("Enter how may fibonnaci numbers to print");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
n = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.print("The first " + n + " Fibonacci numbers are: ");
System.out.print(first + " " + next);
for (int i = 1; i<=n-2; ++i)
{
int sum = first + next;
first = next;
next = sum;
System.out.print(" " + sum);
}
}
}Enter how may fibonnaci numbers to print 7 The first 7 Fibonacci numbers are: 0 1 1 2 3 5 8
Note: Condition in for loop is ‘n-2’. That’s because the program already prints ‘0’ and ‘1’ before it begins with for loop.
Method2: Java Program to write Fibonacci Series using while loop
The logic is similar to the previous method. It’s just the while loop condition that you need to be careful about. Take a look at the java code below to understand how to generate Fibonacci Series using while loop.
package Edureka;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class FibWhile {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int n, first = 0,next = 1;
System.out.println("Enter how may fibonnaci numbers to print");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
n = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.print("The first " + n + " Fibonacci numbers are: ");
System.out.print(first + " " + next);
int i = 1;
while (i<n-1)
{
int sum = first + next;
first = next;
next = sum;
System.out.print(" " + sum);
i++;
}
}
}Output:
Enter how may fibonnaci numbers to print 7 The first 7 Fibonacci numbers are: 0 1 1 2 3 5 8
Fibonacci Series using recursion
Recursion is the basic java programming technique in which a function calls itself directly or indirectly. The corresponding function is called a recursive function. Using a recursive algorithm, certain problems can be solved quite easily. Let’s see how to use recursion to print first ‘n’ numbers of the Fibonacci Series in Java.
The program below should help you on how to write a recursive java program to generate first ‘n’ numbers in the Fibonacci Series. The logic here is quite simple to understand. First, the user gives the input and then the for loop is used to loop until the limit where each iteration will call the function fibonaccinumber(int n) which returns the Fibonacci number at position n. The Fibonacci function recursively calls itself adding the previous two Fibonacci numbers.
package Edureka;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class FibRec {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int n;
System.out.println("Enter how may fibonnaci numbers to print");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
n = scanner.nextInt();
for (int i = 0; i<=n-1; ++i)
{
System.out.print(fibonaccinumber(i) + " ");
}
}
public static int fibonaccinumber(int n) {
if(n==0)
return 0;
else if(n==1)
return 1;
else
return fibonaccinumber(n-1) + fibonaccinumber(n-2);
}
}Output:
Enter how may fibonnaci numbers to print 7 The first 7 Fibonacci numbers are: 0 1 1 2 3 5 8
This brings us to the end of this ‘Fibonacci Series in Java’ article. We have learned how to programmatically print the Nth Fibonacci number using either loop statements or recursion.
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